Tuesday, January 28, 2014

Beijing CDC: #H7N9 Tidbits

Translation
1/28/14
1, What is bird flu? Bird flu, is a subtype of influenza A virus-induced acute infectious diseases. In addition to poultry infected with avian influenza viruses, can also infect humans, pigs, horses, mink and marine mammals.Can infect human avian influenza virus subtypes currently found as H5N1, H9N2, H7N7, H7N2, H7N3, H7N9, etc. 2, what is the H7N9 bird flu?Influenza virus, H and N respectively represent the viral envelope hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), based on their outer membrane hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) protein antigen of the type , is currently divided into 16 H subtypes (H1 ~ H16) and 9 N subtypes (N1 ~ N9). The reports of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza virus is new reassortant virus encoding the HA gene from H7N3, NA is derived from the gene encoding H7N9, its six internal genes from the H9N2 avian influenza virus. 3, with the H1N1 influenza virus and the H5N1 avian influenza virus H7N9 flu virus What's the difference? The three viruses are influenza A virus, but is significantly different between them. H7N9 and H5N1 influenza viruses are animals, and occasionally infect humans. H1N1 influenza virus infection in humans and is usually divided into infected animals usually two types of the virus. 4, how people are infected with the H7N9 bird flu? Now its secretions or excreta in poultry and live bird markets in environmental samples to detect and separate the H7N9 avian influenza virus, and people infected with H7N9 avian influenza virus is highly homologous. Source of infection may carry H7N9 avian influenza virus in poultry. Specific ways to spread through the respiratory tract or close contact with infected poultry infected secretions or excretions obtained; or spread to humans exposed to the virus through environmental contamination; does not exclude limited non-sustained person to person. 5 people infected with H7N9 bird flu incubation period for how long? According to the incubation period of influenza and human infection with H7N9 avian influenza existing case findings, the incubation period is generally 3 to 4 days. 6, the avian flu to humans harm big? According to previous information, bird flu are distributed. Currently, the majority of sporadic cases, there are some families were gathered onset phenomenon, but there is no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission between, suggesting that the virus is spread in the population is not strong. However, previous human infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza mortality is very high, about 60%. The H7N9 avian influenza virus, also has a high mortality rate. As of January 27, 2014, confirmed human infection with H7N9 avian influenza 240 cases, including 68 deaths, the mortality rate was 28%. 7, who needs more attention to prevent H7N9 avian flu? This stage is mainly engaged in poultry breeding, slaughtering, marketing, transportation, processing industry, as well as one week before the onset of contact with birds or those who have been to live bird markets (especially the elderly). If this population, such as cough, fever symptoms, please seek immediate medical attention, and told the doctors recent activities. 8, had H7N9 avian influenza, early What are the symptoms? Patients generally showed flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough, sputum less, may be associated with headache, muscle aches, diarrhea and other symptoms. The rapid development of the disease in patients with severe, mostly in 3 to 7 days of onset of severe pneumonia occurred, mostly sustained temperature above 39 ℃, difficulty in breathing, may be associated with hemoptysis sputum. Often rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction and even, in some patients, there may be other symptoms of pleural effusion. 9, it is not to eat poultry recently the? Avian influenza viruses in general are sensitive to heat, low temperature resistant to heat 65 ℃ 30 minutes or boiling (100 ℃) 2 minutes inactivated. Thus, fully cooked poultry / pork is edible. However, the virus can survive in the lower temperature for 1 week at 4 ℃ for the presence of water or in case of glycerol remains active over 1 year. It is best to minimize the purchase, handling live poultry or fresh poultry meat and so on. 10, the average person should be how to prevent avian influenza? (1) pay attention to personal hygiene, washing hands frequently to keep indoor ventilation diligence, attention to nutrition, to ensure adequate sleep and rest, increasing physical activity. (2) to minimize unnecessary contact with livestock, with special attention to avoid contact with dead poultry. After contact with livestock timely and thorough hand washing. When eating poultry eggs to fully cooked. (3) handling raw and cooked food separately, when the hands are damaged meat processing, it is recommended to wear gloves. (4) sneezing, coughing and other symptoms of respiratory tract infection, use a paper towel, handkerchief to cover your nose and mouth to prevent infection of others; fever, cough, sore throat, general malaise and other symptoms when you should wear a mask. (5) If exacerbations should wear a mask to hospital outpatient fever, and told the doctors whether the recent contact with poultry, and went bird flu epidemic. (6) when they go out, you should try to avoid contact with wild birds or wild birds into the habitat. (7) the elderly and infirm, especially residents suffering from underlying diseases, in the period of high incidence of respiratory diseases, should be minimized to air circulation and crowded places. To the hospital should wear a mask. 11 employees on how to prevent H7N9 avian bird flu?(1) contact with poultry during the course of work activities, should wear protective clothing, wearing masks and gloves, and proper personal protective reduce direct contact with poultry. (2) When cleaning the poultry house, to strictly enforce the cleaning and disinfection procedures; After cleaning, be timely and thorough hand washing and sanitizing; dirt when physical contact with poultry, but also a thorough cleaning. (3) When they find dead birds, and notify the local animal quarantine department. (4) When the fever, cough, sore throat, general malaise and other symptoms when you should wear a mask, and as soon as the fever outpatient, and told the doctors and their professional activities before the onset. (5) Wash your hands frequently to keep indoor ventilation diligence, attention to nutrition, to ensure adequate sleep and rest, increasing physical activity; 12 poultry processing workers how to prevent H7N9 avian flu? (1) Regular cleaning and disinfection for all workstations, equipment and utensils to prepare poultry, wash your hands often. (2) separate raw and cooked. (3) ensure that the food is cooked to the proper temperature, the temperature of the food in all parts have reached 70 ℃ or clear broth, or the flesh is no longer pink. (4) When a damaged hand meat processing, it is recommended to wear gloves.13, how to prevent H7N9 avian bird flu lover? (1) strengthen management, improve the body resistance to disease of poultry; attention cage hygiene; guarantee cage ventilation; lofts, Birdcage pay special attention to health, focusing on the daily disinfection. (2) keep birds at home, they should avoid contact with wild birds. Once in contact, in a timely manner to disinfect the cage, but also to the animal epidemic prevention departments when necessary immunization. (3) in the aviculture or birding as possible to avoid contact with poultry and their droppings, manure handling them should wear gloves; after contact with them or their droppings, you must use soap and water thoroughly clean hands. (4) Birding process does not pick up dead birds, wild birds do not eat. 14, with or without targeted drug treatment programs or vaccine? According to the National Health and Family Planning Commission issued under the scheme should be applied as soon as possible anti-influenza drugs. For people infected with H7N9 avian influenza is mainly symptomatic treatment and antiviral therapy, has not yet developed a vaccine. 15, if the symptoms of high fever cough how to do? If there is fever, headache, nasal congestion, cough, malaise and other respiratory symptoms should wear a mask fever clinic to the hospital as soon as possible, and be sure to tell the doctor whether to own too early onset of bird flu, is in contact with sick birds, etc. conditions and treatment and the use of drugs under medical guidance.


http://www.bjcdc.org/news.php?id=38932

No comments: